Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Dunn chamber:
Passive device used for traditional chemotaxis assays, which consists of concentric
rings etched in a glass slide and separated by a shallow ridge or weir. (he Dunn chamber
operates on the same principles as the Zigmond chamber but has a radial topology with
respect to the Zigmond chamber;
see
Zigmond chamber.) he rings are irst covered with
a glass coverslip before loading any solutions. he outer ring chamber is loaded (usually by
capillarity illing) with the cells and the inner ring chamber is loaded with the chemoattrac-
tant of interest. he chemoattractant reaches the cells by difusion across the weir.
duroplastic polymer:
See
thermoset polymer.
dynamic viscosity:
he tangential force per unit area required to slide one plane with respect
to another a unit distance apart at unit velocity. In cgs units, the dynamic viscosity of
water at room temperature is 1 centipoise (cP), where 1 cP = 10
−2
P ≡ 10
−2
dyne s/cm
2
.
E
E. coli
:
See Escherichia coli.
EBL, e-beam lithography:
See
electron beam lithography.
ECM:
See
extracellular matrix.
ECoG:
See
electrocorticography.
EEG:
See
electroencephalography, electroencephalogram.
elastomer:
See
elastomeric polymer.
elastomeric optics:
A class of optical devices and, by extension, a family of optical techniques
that use PDMS elements to manipulate the light path.
elastomeric polymer:
Amorphous polymer, usually with a structure and properties similar to
that of rubber, which can be described as having a comparatively high viscoelasticity,
with low Young's modulus and high yield strain.
electrical double layer:
See
Debye layer.
electrocorticography:
Electrophysiological technique for recording directly from the surface
of the brain cortex with metal electrodes (ater the cranium has been opened and the
dura layer has been lited).
electroencephalogram:
EEG recording.
electroencephalography:
Technique for recording electrical brain activity from the scalp surface.
electrokinetics:
Field of study of the interaction of luids (including luids containing charged
particles) with electric ields. Electrokinetics, also known as electrohydrodynamics,
covers the following luid transport mechanisms: electrophoresis, dielectrophoresis,
electro-osmosis, and electrorotation.
electrokinetic valve:
Microluidic valve that opens or closes by the action of a change in low
driven by a voltage switch.
electron beam lithography (EBL, e-beam lithography):
Nanoscale patterning technique that
consists in illuminating an electron-beam resist with the electron beam of a scanning
electron microscope and in subsequently developing the exposed areas away with a
developer solution.
electro-osmosis, electro-osmotic low:
Motion of luid near the walls of a conduit when an
electric ield is applied to the luid.
electro-osmotic pump:
Pump that drives luid by producing electro-osmotic low.
electrophoresis:
he movement of charged molecules in a liquid under the inluence of an
applied electric ield.
electrospray mass spectrometry:
Mass spectrometry technique based on spraying the sample
in liquid form into an aerosol, which forms charged ions as the aerosol droplets dry out
during their light in vacuum; the charged ions are accelerated by an electric ield and
sorted spatially according to their mass-to-charge ratio.
