Java Reference
In-Depth Information
T
ABLE
1.1
Popular High-Level Programming Languages
Language
Description
Named for Ada Lovelace, who worked on mechanical general-purpose computers. The Ada language was devel-
oped for the Department of Defense and is used mainly in defense projects.
Ada
BASIC
Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code. It was designed to be learned and used easily by beginners.
C
Developed at Bell Laboratories. C combines the power of an assembly language with the ease of use and portabil-
ity of a high-level language.
C++
C++ is an object-oriented language, based on C.
C#
Pronounced “C Sharp.” It is a hybrid of Java and C++ and was developed by Microsoft.
COBOL
COmmon Business Oriented Language. Used for business applications.
FORTRAN
FORmula TRANslation. Popular for scientific and mathematical applications.
Java
Developed by Sun Microsystems, now part of Oracle. It is widely used for developing platform-independent Inter-
net applications.
Pascal
Named for Blaise Pascal, who pioneered calculating machines in the seventeenth century. It is a simple, structured,
general-purpose language primarily for teaching programming.
Python
A simple general-purpose scripting language good for writing short programs.
Visual Basic
Visual Basic was developed by Microsoft and it enables the programmers to rapidly develop graphical user
interfaces.
High-Level Source File
Output
...
area = 5 * 5 * 3.1415;
...
Interpreter
(a)
High-Level Source File
Machine-Code File
...
0101100011011100
1111100011000100
...
Output
...
area = 5 * 5 * 3.1415;
...
Compiler
Executor
(b)
F
IGURE
1.9
(a) An interpreter translates and executes a program one statement at a time. (b) A compiler translates the
entire source program into a machine-language file for execution.
Note that a statement from the source code may be translated into several machine
instructions.
A compiler translates the entire source code into a machine-code file, and the
machine-code file is then executed, as shown in Figure 1.9b.
■
1.10
✓
✓
What language does the CPU understand?
Check
1.11
What is an assembly language?
Point
