Ecological Restoration across Landscapes of Politics, Policy, and Property - Human Dimensions of Ecological Restoration - page 159

4. See note 2.
5. See notes 1 and 3.
6. Governance is the capacity of self-organizing systems to govern themselves. It includes
not only formal government authorities and agencies but also an array of private sector and
nongovernmental organizations as well as communities. Stewardship is the expression of this
capacity in the form of “responsible custody” of human ecosystems and, therefore, requires
competence, vigilance, and ethics of responsibility and accountability for the sustainability of
ecological resource systems on which human social systems depend (see Cash et al. 2003;
Shannon 1998).
7. Although the collective program is referred to as the Bookmark Biosphere project—
recognized under the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization
(UNESCO) Man and the Biosphere (MAB) program—Jared Diamond (2005) refers to some
elements of it supported by the Australian Landscape Trust.
8. I was fortunate enough to visit this inspiring landscape-wide project in 2006, per
M. Stevens (Lava Lake Ranch, www.lavalakelamb.com), M. Scott (U.S. Fish and Wildlife, and
University of Idaho, College of Natural Resources), and K. Launchbaugh (University of Idaho,
Rangeland Management and College of Natural Resources).
9. For a current overview on theory and practice of transformative comanagement arrange-
ments in ecological and resource management, see Berkes and Folke (2000), Pinkerton
(2003), Brunckhorst (2005), Plummer and Armitage (2007), Armitage et al. (2009), Sandström
(2009).
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