Graphics Reference
In-Depth Information
118 CE
1-19
1-20
1-17
1-21
1-19
312-15:
Arch
of Constantine, Rome.
Carved into marble,
monumental Roman
capitals survived the
thousand-year Dark
Ages.
452:
Attila the Hun
invades and ravages
northern Italy.
476:
Emperor Romulus
Augustulus, last ruler
of the western Roman
Empire, is deposed by
the Ostrogoths.
325:
Emperor Constantine
adopts Christianity as
the state religion of the
Roman Empire.
1-20
533-49:
Church
of Sant'Apollinare in
Classe, Ravenna, Italy.
1-17
118-25:
The Pantheon, Rome.
1-18
Undated:
The fluid gestural quality,
harmonious proportions,
and beautiful forms
of Roman writing are
effectively translated
into the permanent stone
carving of monumental
capitals (
capitalis
monumentalis
).
c.
400-1400:
During the
thousand-year medieval
era, knowledge and
learning are kept alive in
Christian monasteries,
where manuscript topics
are lettered in scriptoria.
1-21
Third-sixth
centuries:
Uncials are
rounded, freely drawn
majuscule letters.
1-22
Third-ninth
centuries:
Half-uncials,
a lettering style of
the Christian Church,
introduce pronounced
ascenders and
descenders.
1-23
Sixth-ninth
centuries:
Insular
majuscules, a formal
style with exaggerated
serifs, are developed by
Irish monks from the
half-uncials.
1-18
1-22
1-2
1-23