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If an agent is enough influenced by what is said, it produces non-verbal signals. And if
u
1
=
u
2
then
NV
Act
1
=
NV
Act
2
, agents' non-verbal behaviours may be synchronised,
where as if
u
1
and
u
2
are too different, agents will not be able to synchronise.
2.3
Sensitivity to Synchrony
To account for the property P3, “sensitivity of human to synchrony”, we use the fact that
sensitivity to synchrony can be modelled by simple model of mutual reinforcement of
the perception-action coupling [1,19]. In addition to the influence from speech (either
during its perception or its production), each agent's internal state
S
i
is influenced by
the non-verbal behaviour it perceives from the other
NV
Act j
, modulated by sensitivity
to non-verbal signal
σ
(see fig.3).
The internal state of each agent is modified by both what it understand of the speech
NV
Per
1
S
NV
1
Act
1
th
σ
β
u
1
V
Agent1
Act
1
NV
Per
2
S
NV
2
Act
2
σ
th
β
u
2
V
Agent2
Per
2
Fig. 3.
Agent1's internal state,
S
1
, is influenced by both its own understanding of what it is saying
u
1
· V
Act
1
and the non-verbal behaviour of Agent2,
σ · NV
Act
2
. Agent2's internal state,
2
,is
influenced by its own understanding of what Agent1 says
u
2
·V
Act
1
and the non-verbal behaviour
of Agent1,
σ · NV
Act
1
.
and what it sees from the non-verbal behaviour of the other:
S
1
(
t
+1)=
S
1
(
t
)+
u
1
V
Act
1
(
t
+1)+
σNV
Act
2
(
t
)
S
2
(
t
+1)=
S
2
(
t
)+
u
2
V
Act
1
(
t
+1)+
σNV
Act
1
(
t
)
(5)
This last equation will favour the synchronisation by increasing the reciprocal influence
when agents' internal state reach together a high level.
2.4
Coupling between Dynamical Systems
How to enable agents involved in a verbal interaction, to be as much synchronised as
they share information? To enable synchrony to emerge between the two agents, we
used the fact that synchronisation can be modelled as a phenomenon emerging from
the dynamical coupling within the dyad [23]: on one hand agents must have internal
dynamics which control their behaviour; on the other hand, they must be influenced by
the other's behaviours.
