Graphics Reference
In-Depth Information
3D virtual environment (Sookhanaphibarn, K.,
& Thawonmas, R. (2010). Content management
systems - computer programs allowing publish-
ing, editing, modifying, storing content of system
components, websites, documents related to
commercial companies, and managing workflow
interactively with the users. A unified content
strategy identifies content requirements and man-
ages it for reuse, thus reducing costs of creating,
managing, and distributing content. Content is no
longer managed as document; it is designed now
as intelligent content by tagging and structuring
it, so it is structurally rich and semantically cat-
egorized. One can automatically discover, reuse,
reconfigure, and adapt the intelligent content. A
unified content strategy may serve the enterprise
tasks on web, publishing, production, and publish-
ing (Rockley & Cooper, 2012).
Currently, virtual environments are developed
and used in a variety of fields at universities, en-
gineering companies, and commercial industry.
Immersive, interactive VR systems are used as a
public display medium in common spaces such
as museums, galleries, conferences, and festivals.
The projection-based VR brings forth artistic
and educational experiences in entertainment
and museum settings and serve the research
community. Immersive virtual environments
serve for the live-action telepresence videocon-
ferencing where interactive narrative and virtual
environment can be interfaced with its physical
surrounding. The expressive and experiential
features of VR environments are used for pre-
sentations in environments such as art, research,
industry, architecture, or medicine. The visitors
can fly across galaxies, go inside the cells and
molecules, or experience turbulent gas flows. For
example, in the seven-wall digital dome for 440
attendees at the American Museum of Natural
History Hayden Planetarium projectors throw 70
feet hemisphere where you can go on a tour from
earth, to the Milky Way, to the Virgo Cluster,
and beyond into the large-scale structure of the
universe. Artists, technologists, and scientists
develop visualization exhibits, such as “The
Passport to the Universe” (http://www.amnh.org/
rose/passport.html) or the “Big Bang” (http://
www.amnh.org/rose/hayden-bigbang.html) at the
Hayden Planetarium, New York. Other projection
environments provide a full-dome spherical pro-
jection surface or a large cylindrical 360-degree
screen where the viewer interactively moves a
projected image from a motorized platform in
the center. Josephine Anstey, a virtual reality
dramatist and video artist, develops interactive
installations, art videos, audio documentary, web
and prose virtual fiction experiences where the
user is the main character immersed in an inti-
mate setting physically and emotionally, many
times being alone, without sharing experiences
and interactions with others.
Temporary Art Zone Manifesto, a social event
that came about in the early nineties on the prem-
ises of the ACM/Siggraph Conference could be
seen in some respects as a prototype of a social
networking idea. The participants present in the
zone received sheets of paper containing a short
introductory text followed by two statements about
art, science, and computing, along with two images.
Many of the statements were quotations of various
authors, while images were the details of computer
art graphics or photographs. Participants reacted
to the verbal statements by modifying them, and
changed the printed images adding their own in-
put. Leaflets were then exchanged a few times, so
next individuals could contribute to their content.
This cooperative work was tentatively resulting
in a final collective manifesto in the form of texts
and images. The introductory text announced, “In
the spirit of the pirate Utopias of the 18
th
century,
we are setting up a Temporary Art Zone. What is
needed to create truly contemporary, truly interac-
tive artwork that could be identified as an innovative
masterpiece? The leaflets circulating in the zone
display a variety of verbal and visual approaches
to this question. Feel free to use whatever you see
on any of these leaflets as prompts or stimuli to
your own responses.”
