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Maybe also molecular information processing
occurring in a living cell by means of transport of
biologically active molecules may be interpreted
as another example of a double articulation. Cells
communicate by transmitting the first messenger
signaling molecules from a cell membrane to mem-
brane receptors located on other cells. Receptors
activate the signaling proteins, called secondary
messengers, located inside of these cells.
The traditional way of presenting a double
helix of amino acids is one of the most popular
educational applications of scientific visualization.
Victorri (2007) adopts a functional approach to
the classical comparison between language and
biology. He parallels events with a functional
signification in each domain, by matching the ut-
terance of a sentence with the release of a protein.
Proteins and sentences are both characterized by a
complex hierarchical structure. The author makes
a distinction between an I-language (the idiolect
- individual speech pattern) and an E-language
(a language in the common sense).
He argues that the proteome of an organism
corresponds to an I-language and the proteome of
a species is equivalent to an E-language. Victorri
found the same intimate relation between structure
and meaning in sentences and proteins (syntactic
structure for sentences and three-dimensional
conformation for proteins); however, the combi-
natorial power of language is not shared by the
proteome - the entire set of proteins in an organ-
ism (but the immune system possesses interesting
properties in this respect, and the analogy works
to a certain extent regarding the evolutionary
aspects). According to Paulo Correa & Alexan-
dra Correa (2004, p. 140), “There is no way to
compress time and reproduce in the laboratory all
the conditions required to form all the elements
of double articulation, the evolutionary advanced
nucleic base combinations and the proteins they
encode.” The authors state, “The emergence of the
double articulation between very different classes
of molecules underlies the emergence of life” (p.
144). Correas examine whether the molecular
event of the biological double articulation evolved
in as a cellular or pre-cellular system. Possibly, “the
system of double articulation was selected prior to
cellularization” (p. 275), in a simple proto-system
of double articulation in geological time, a part of
a proto-complex of RNA and proteins, and then
the emergence of cellular structures and genomic
complexes with double articulation system.
Triple Articulation
According to Chandler (2013), semiotic codes
have single articulation, double articulation or
no articulation. However, media studies special-
ists focused on new technology domestication
and appropriation by users turned their attention
to the double and triple articulation of media
technologies. Courtois, Verdegem, & De Marez
(2012) incorporate triple articulation in the field
of convergent audiovisual media consumption.
They argue that audiovisual media technologies
can be meaningfully articulated as objects, texts,
and contexts, which would be useful in uncover-
ing of articulation interactions. Berker, Hartmann,
Punie, & Ward (2006) argue that there is a need
for research on both double and triple dimensions
of message articulation of information and com-
munication technologies in media, examined as
technological objects, symbolic environments,
and individual texts. According to Robert Stam
(2000, p. 114), Umberto Eco argued that cinema
has a triple articulation combined from iconic
figures, semes (combinations of iconic figures),
and kinemorphs (combinations of semes).
One may ponder whether it is possible to have
fourfold articulation or multiple articulation, and
are there existing examples of it in art, science,
or nature. One may also ask whether the fractal
geometry design can be seen as a form of articula-
tion, as it represent self-similar or scale symmetric
objects, which appear when an object magnified
or reduced in size has the same properties.
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