Geography Reference
In-Depth Information
S. No.
Method
Parameters
Source
Methods for Karstic (Carbonate) Aquifers
S - Depth to groundwater
I - Recharge action
N - Attenuation potential of the vadose
zone
T - Attenuation potential of the soil
A - Hydrogeologic characteristics of
the aquifer
C - Hydraulic conductivity
S - Topographic slope
5
SINTACS
Civita (1994)
E - development of Epikarst
P - Protective cover
I - Infiltration condition
K - Karst network development
Doerfliger and
Zwahlen (1995)
6
EPIK
S - effective field capacity of the soil
(rating for FCe in mm down to 1 m
depth)
W - percolation rate
R - rock type
T - thickness of soil and rock cover
above the aquifer
Q - bonus points for perched aquifer
systems
HP - bonus points for hydraulic
pressure conditions (artesian
conditions)
Hoelting et al.
(1995)
7
GLA
P - Protective cover
I - Infiltration conditions
Goldscheider et
al. (2000)
8
PI
C - flow Concentration
O - Overlying layers
P - Precipitation
Daly et al.
(2002)
9
COP
D - Depth to Water, R - (Net) Recharge, A - Aquifer Media, S - Soil Media, T -
Topography (Slope), I - Impact of Vadose Zone, C - (Hydraulic) Conductivity of
the Aquifer.
These seven parameters are briefly described in Table 5. The DRASTIC
index model can be used to identify areas that are more vulnerable to
contamination than others, or to give priorities to areas that need more
groundwater quality monitoring. It is a vulnerability index model designed to
calculate vulnerability scores (numerical values) for different locations by
combining seven thematic layers/factors.
Before combining the factors, ratings and weights are assigned to the
seven model parameters. The classes or features of each parameter represent
the ranges, which are rated on the 1-10 scale based on their relative effect on
