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Spatially oriented assembly of TMV on solid supports was then achieved in
a controlled manner via nucleic acid hybridization using complementary
oligonucleotides. Using this strategy, TMV particles were immobilized
onto electrodes and micropatterned surfaces as well as on micropatterned
microcapsules (Tan
., 2005, 2007). Using differentially
labeled TMV particles and a micropatterned substrate, the construction of a
patterned TMV microarray was achieved (Fig. 7.17) (Yi
et al
., 2008; Yi
et al
et al
., 2007).
.  ASSeMBly oF VnPs AT LIQUID-LIQUID INTERFACES
Besides assembling VNPs onto solid supports, VNPs can also be assembled
at liquid-liquid interfaces. A liquid-liquid interface is the phase between two
liquids. For example, when oil is immersed in water, oil droplets are formed.
Figure 7.18
Confocal fluorescence microscopic image of CPMV particle assembly
after cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. (a) Three-dimensional reconstruction
of perfluorodecalin droplets in water that are coated with the virus (inset: cross-
sectional view). Excess particles were removed by successive washing with water. (b)
Crumpled droplet after complete drying and rehydration with water. (c) Capsule cap
after complete drying. (d) The white box shows the area at which the SFM scan was
taken, and the lower part shows the height profile on top of the collapsed capsule
(image width = 2 mm,
-range = 30 nm). Reproduced with permission from Russell,
J. T., Lin, Y., Boker, A., Su, L., Carl, P., Zettl, H., He, J., Sill, K., Tangirala, R., Emrick, T.,
Littrell, K., Thiyagarajan, P., Cookson, D., Fery, A., Wang, Q., and Russell, T. P. (2005)
Self-assembly and cross-linking of bionanoparticles at liquid-liquid interfaces
Z
, Angew.
Chem. Int. Ed.
,
44
(16), 2420-2426.
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