The Art of Bioconjugation: Functionalization of VNPs - Viral Nanoparticles: Tools for Materials Science and Biomedicine - page 113

M13 Glu/Asp (E;

pVIII)

Cytotoxic drugs
(doxorubicin
and
hygromycin)
and antibodies
(anti-ERGR and
anti-ErbB2)

EDC as covalent
strategy
Antibodies were
attached via a
non-covalent
strategy using
a genetically
introduced IgG-
binding domain

M13 as a tool
for targeted
drug delivery to
cancer cells

Bar et al .

(2008)

M13 Amines (Lys and

amino-terminus;
not specified)

Chloramphenicol
and targeting
peptide
(genetically
introduced)

NHS ester Targeted drug

delivery to
bacteria

Yacoby et al .

(2006)

M13 Lys (E; on pVIII) Polyacrylamide

polymer

Traut's reagent
to introduce
thiol functional
group followed
by maleimide
coupling

Orderd
nanoscale
arrays via self-
assembly

Willis et al .

(2008)

M13 Hexa-His Tag

(GE; pIX)
Selenocysteine
(GE; pIII)

Biotin Iodoacetyl-PEG-

linker

Tethering
and testing
biopolymer
elasticity using a
AFM approach

Khalil et al .

(2007a)

SIRV2 Lys (E, at the

capsid end
structures)
Asp/Glu (E)
carbohydrates
(E)

Fluorescent
dyes and biotin

NHS ester,
EDC/NHS,
mild oxidation
and hydrazide
coupling

Proof-of-concept Steinmetz et

al . (2008a)

Applications and fields are color coded: pale green, chemistry/proof-of-concept study; light
blue, biomedicine; lavender, materials.
1

Adenoviruses as well as AAV have been studied and utilized as gene delivery vectors for many
years. Genetic as well as chemical modification strategies have been extensively studied and
explored by many research groups, and the literature is tremendous. It is not possible to capture
in this table all the efforts made toward bioconjugation on adenoviruses, the reader is referred
to the references and reviews given throughout the topic.

references

Allen, C. M., Sharman, W. M., La Madeleine, C., Weber, J. M., Langlois, R., Ouellet, R., and
van Lier, J. E. (1999) Photodynamic therapy: tumor targeting with adenoviral proteins,
Photochem. Photobiol. , 70 (4), 512-523.

Anderson, E. A., Isaacman, S., Peabody, D. S., Wang, E. Y., Canary, J. W., and Kirshenbaum,
K. (2006) Viral nanoparticles donning a paramagnetic coat: conjugation of MRI
contrast agents to the MS2 capsid, Nano Lett. , 6 (6), 1160-1164.