Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
8
The Role of Registration in Functional
Magnetic R
esonance Imaging
Mark Jenkinson and Stephen Smith
CONTENTS
8.1 Introduction to fMRI.................................................................................. 183
8.1.1 BOLD Contrast and Brain Function ............................................ 184
8.1.2 fMRI Analysis Overview............................................................... 185
8.2 Motion Correction...................................................................................... 186
8.2.1 A Multiple Registration Problem................................................. 187
8.2.2 Interpolation ................................................................................... 188
8.2.3 Spin History and Stimulus-Correlated Motion ......................... 189
8.2.4 Nonrigid Motion Correction ........................................................ 192
8.3 Geometric Distortion ................................................................................. 192
8.4 Structural Registration .............................................................................. 194
8.4.1 Functional to Anatomical.............................................................. 194
8.4.2 Functional to Standard Template................................................. 195
8.4.3 Group Analysis............................................................................... 196
8.5 Conclusion .................................................................................................. 197
References ............................................................................................. 197
8.1
Introduction to fMRI
Functional magnetic resonance imaging, or fMRI, is a noninvasive imaging
technique used to investigate physiological function. It is most commonly used
to study brain function by measuring blood oxygenation level, although other
organs (e.g., kidneys) and other quantities (e.g., perfusion) can be studied. This
chapter concentrates on using fMRI for blood oxygenation-related imaging
of the brain, as image registration has become an indispensible part of the
analysis of these data for research and clinical purposes.
