Challenges in Designing HIV Env Immunogens for Developing a Vaccine - Structure-Based Study of Viral Replication - page 327

Chapter 13
Challenges in Designing HIV Env
Immunogens for Developing a Vaccine
Indresh K. Srivastava * and R. Holland Cheng †
Summary
HIV continues to be a major health problem worldwide; however, the
situation is particularly serious in Asian and Sub-Saharan countries.
Development of an effective HIV vaccine could help to reduce the
severity of the disease and prevent infection. Over the last two decades
significant efforts have been made toward inducing potent humoral
and cellular immune responses by vaccination; however, it appears
that either antibodies or CTL may not be sufficient alone for the
induction of sterilizing immunity or long-term control of viral repli-
cation. Therefore, it is generally believed that both humoral and cel-
lular responses will be needed for an effective HIV vaccine. It has
been shown in passive transfer experiments using broadly neutralizing
monoclonal antibodies (mAb) such as b12, 2F5, and 2G12 that
these mAbs either alone or in combination are effective in conferring
* Associate Director, Vaccines Research, Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Inc., Mail Stop 4.3,
4560 Horton Street, Emeryville, CA 94608 (Address all correspondence to Indresh K. Srivastava).
Phone: [phone], Fax: [phone], Email: [e-mail].
† Professor of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Advanced Microscopy and Proteomics,
University of California, Briggs Hall, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Karolinska Institute, Structural Virology, Novum, Hälsovägen 7, Huddinge, SE 14157, Sweden.
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