Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Atmosphere and climate
Carbon dioxide
Climate
Ocean
Human society
Biology-
biogeochemistry
Chemistry
Fisheries
Tourism
Ecological services
Policies
Higher CO
2
Lower pH
Lower carbonate
Nutrients
Trace metals
Calcification
Dissolution CaCO
3
Nitrogen fixation
Biodiversity
Food chain
Figure 1.4
Highly simplii ed view of the relationships between the atmosphere, ocean, and human activities in the context of ocean acidii cation. For the
sake of clarity, just a few examples are shown. The relationships between the atmosphere and ocean apply in both past and modern times.
1.7 Acknowledgements
Anne-Marin Nisumaa is gratefully acknowledged
for her assistance to draw i gure 1.2 . We thank
Kelvin Boot, Peter Liss and Stephen Smith for com-
ments on an early draft of this chapter. This work
is a contribution to the 'European Project on
Ocean Acidii cation' (EPOCA) which received
funding from the European Community's Seventh
Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under
grant agreement n°211384.
Bates, N.R. (2001). Interannual variability of oceanic CO
2
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Bates, N.R. and Peters, A.J. (2007). The contribution of
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