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discrete Fourier transform, a fundamental computational tool used in nearly
all fields of engineering. The chapter also discussed an implementation of the
Fast Fourier Transform. More information about this research can be found
at the Bio-Inspired and Nano-Scale Integrated Computing Research Group in the
University of California, Los Angeles, http://www.seas.ucla.edu/
eshaghia/lab_
B
web/index.htm.
20.2. NANOCOMPUTING RESEARCH AND FUNDING
The previous section reviewed the work that was presented in this topic. As noted
earlier, there are many other interesting projects in nanocomputing that have not
been included in this volume. This section first presents Table 20.1 which lists
some of the nanocomputing research groups whose work has not been included in
this topic. A more comprehensive list can be found in [1]. Next, this section
presents a reference to the funding sources available for nanocomputing.
Having gone through some of the types of research currently taking place in
nanocomputing, Table 20.2 lists some of the funding sources that are available for
nanocomputing.
20.3. PATENTING ISSUES IN NANOCOMPUTING
Nanotechnology thrives on the creativity and profound insight—the intellectual
achievements —of researchers all over the world. The ideas that researchers create
are the breadbasket of the nanotechnology industry, bringing research progress
into practical products. Patents are a prime way to protect ideas and to encourage
researchers to invest their intellectual efforts for the progress of technology.
According to Wikipedia, ''A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a state
to an inventor or his assignee for a fixed period of time in exchange for a disclosure of
an invention.'' The exclusive right granted to a patentee in most countries is the
right to prevent or exclude others from making, using, selling, offering to sell or
importing the invention.
Three requirements that an invention must satisfy to obtain a patent are the
invention must be: (1) novel, (2) useful, and (3) nonobvious. More specifically, it
must be novel, useful, and nonobvious to a person with expertise in the topic that
the patent applies to. Furthermore, a patent must contain enough information so
that anyone skilled in the field would be able to easily implement the invention.
The patent should use language that is as clear and unambiguous as possible,
explicitly defining how terminology should be interpreted.
The first issue to consider when patenting nanotechnology is that inventions
need to be filed, prosecuted, examined, and defended by individuals who are
knowledge in the field. However, with nanotechnology simultaneously being a
new field and a vast, multidisciplinary field, there may not be enough professionals
with adequate skill, who can file, prosecute, examine and defend nano inventions.
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