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stationkeeping [1bf]; control of internal ballasting for nanapheresis [1n];
and control of chemical ligands for hull displays, flags, or semaphores
[1bg], or for controlled adhesioregulation of external surfaces [2k].
4. Energy. Control of onboard power generation or power receiver systems
including thermal, mechanical, acoustic, chemical, electrical, photonic, or
nuclear sources; management of onboard energy storage; controlling the
transduction, conditioning, and conversion of rf or tethered energy
sources; and control of internal power distribution and load balancing
throughout a nanorobotic device [1c].
5. Communication. Control of communications hardware including receivers
and transmitters, whether chemical, acoustic, electromagnetic, or other
modality; interpretation of received signals as new commands from the
physician; replacement of existing operating parameters with new ones
(while the devices are in vivo), such as the changing of respirocyte operating
parameters at high altitudes or deep underwater at high pressures;
coordination of internal fiber or mobile networks; control of inmessaging
(signals from external sources that are directed to in vivo nanorobots) and
outmessaging (signals from in vivo nanorobots that are directed to external
recipients), including coordination of nanorobot populations to accurately
transfer information directly to or from the patient (e.g., directly via
somesthetic, kinesthetic, auditory, gustatory, olfactory, ocular or dermal
[1bq] displays, or indirectly via artificial symptoms); and routing of data
signals internally throughout the nanorobot [1bh].
6. Navigation. Establishing absolute or relative physical position across
many regimes including bloodstream, tissues, organs, and cells; positional
navigation by dead reckoning, cartotaxis, macro/microtransponder net-
works (including stationkeeping protocols among neighboring intercom-
municating devices and self-correcting calibration protocols allowing
B
3 micron positioning accuracies in
B
1000-device stacks maintaining
100-micron interdevice separations across 10-cm tissue columns);
functional navigation using thermographic, barographic, chemographic,
or microbiotic modalities; and validation of the identity of encountered
tissue types [1an].
7. Manipulation. Deployment and actuation of manipulators including
ciliary, pneumatic, or telescoping systems; stowage, retrieval, selection,
installation, use, and detachment of tooltips and other end-effectors;
management of tool and manipulator garages; management of coordi-
nated manipulator arrays; and control of onboard disposal or disassem-
bly systems including morcellation, grinding, sonication, thermal or
chemical decomposition systems [1b].
8. Locomotion. Control of specific in vivo locomotion systems [1bi] includ-
ing ciliary or grapple systems, surface deformation, inclined planes/
screws, volume displacement, and viscous anchoring systems; control of
locomotion across cell-coated tissue surfaces (e.g., vascular lumen) via
B
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