Units and Symbols - Unsaturated Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice - page 861

Table A.4 ( Continued )

Description Symbol Unit

D v* m 2 /s Diffusion coefficient of vapor

kg/m 3

Dry density ρ d

σ = σ − u w Effective stress kPa

φ

Effective angle of internal friction degree

c Effective cohesion kPa

Geometric mean parameter x g m

Geometric standard deviation σ g m

m/s 2

Gravitational acceleration g

Gravitational energy E g

Hydraulic conductivity of air k a m/s

Hydraulic conductivity of water k w m/s

Hydraulic conductivity ( x- direction) k wx m/s

Hydraulic conductivity ( y- direction) k wy m/s

Hydraulic head h m

Hydraulic head gradient i w —

Hydraulic or total head h w m

m 2 Intrinsic permeability K

Isothermal compressibility of air c a 1/kPa

Kronecker delta or substitution tensor δ ij kPa

J/m 3

Latent heat of fusion of water L

Latent heat of vaporization of water L v J/kg

Liquid limit LL %

Mass of air M a kg

Mass of dissolved air in water M d kg

Mass of solids M s kg

Matric suction u a − u w kPa

Mass of water M w kg

Major principal stress σ 1 Pa

Minor principal stress σ 3 kPa

Molecular mass of air ω a kg/kmol

Natural number e = 2.71828

Net major normal stress σ 1 − u a kPa

Net normal stress σ − u a kPa

Net minor normal stress σ 3 − u a kPa

Osmotic suction π kPa

Parameter on grain size for fitting fine portion m gr —

Parameter on grain size for steepest slope n gr —

Parameter on grain size inflection point a gr mm

Particle diameter d mm

Particle diameter for minimum size d m mm

Particle diameter for residual portion d r mm

Percentage of particles passing by mass P p (d) %

Plastic limit PL %

Plasticity index, PI I p %

μ

Poisson ratio —

Potential evaporation PE mm/day

Potential transpiration PT mm/day

Pore-air pressure u a kPa

( continued overleaf )