Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Periosteal veins
Control
venous
sinus
Nutrient
artery
Radial
branch of
nutrient
artery
Marrow
sinusoid
Figure 9.4
The capillary network within the cortical bone.
The major arterial supply to the diaphysis is from the nu-
trient artery. There is an abundant capillary bed throughout
thebonetissuethatdrainsoutwardtotheperiostealveins.
(Modified from Williams
et al
.[9].)
an examination of the findings reported by investigators of animal bone blood
supply in the past 40 years shows a large measure of agreement. Long standing
controversy seems to be based on a failure to recognize that marrow ischemia
accompanies natural senescence affecting transcortical hemodynamics and en-
training an increasing periosteal supply for bone survival in old age The change
over from a medullary to a periosteal blood supply to bone cortex is the consequence
of medullary ischemia and reduced marrow arterial pressure, brought about by
medullary arteriosclerosis.
9.2.4
The Arterial System in Small Animals may be Different from that in Humans
The marrow and cortical vascular networks in the rodent are thought to be in
series while they are in parallel in the human. From perfusion studies on small
mammals (guinea pig, rat, and rabbit), it has been concluded that the blood flow in
