Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Mesenchymal stem cells
Proliferation
Commitment and
progression
Transitory
osteoblast
Differentiation
Osteoblast
Maturation
Osteocyte
Figure 7.3
Illustration of progenic process of mesenchymal
stem cell. Adapted from Caplan and Bruder [18].
constructs corresponds to the increase in cell viability and proliferation, whereas
higher shear stresses of 1
10
−
3
Pa were associated with up-regulation of mRNA
expressions of Runx2, osteocalcin, and alkaline phosphatase [23, 24]. Moreover,
in a perfusion bioreactor, a 1.4 times higher proliferation rate, a higher colony-
forming unit fibroblast (CFU-F) formation, and more fibronectin and heat shock
protein 47 (HSP-47) secretion were observed for human mesenchymal stem cells
(hMSCs) at a lower flow rate corresponding to an initial shear stress of 1
×
10
−
4
Pa
[25]. However, a higher flow rate corresponding to initial interface shear stress of
1
×
10
−
5
Pa can up-regulate the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Majority of
literature has been focused on the effect of shear stress on the monolayer hMSCs
culture during
in vitro
2D or 3D cultivation. More detailed studies are required
to understand the way in which hMSCs respond to shear stress in physiological
flow.
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