Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
(a)
(b)
Figure 6.15
(a) Cubic model of plate-like asymmetric
structure [31]; (b) perforated plate model [30].
(a)
(b)
Figure 6.16
(a) Hexagonal model of rodlike columnar
structure [31]; (b) prismatic plate model [30].
The cubic block model in Figure 6.17 represents an orthotropic material with
cubic structure (cf. Section 6.3.3) and the elastic properties have been investigated by
Beaupre and Hayes [56] with the finite element method based on different loading
conditions, that is, uniaxial, compressive, and shear loads. A rather transverse
isotropicmaterial is represented by the plate-rod structure shown in Figure 6.17(b).
Different deformation mechanisms are activated if a load is applied perpendicular
to the plates (bending state) or if loads are applied parallel to the plates [30].
A similar model with a regular arrangement of the connecting rods (now an
orthotropic structure with two identical principal axes) was applied by Raux
et al
.
[57] to model the trabecular architecture of the human patella.
15)
15)
The human patella, also known as the
knee
cap or kneepan
, is a thick, triangular bone
which articulates with the femur and covers
and protects the knee joint.
