Parsing, Creating, and Transforming XML Documents - Beginning Java 7

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Note Document Type Definition and document type declaration are two different

things.TheDTDacronymidentifiesaDocumentTypeDefinitionandneveridentifies

a document type declaration.

A document type declaration appears immediately after the XML declaration and is

specified in one of the following ways:

• <!DOCTYPE root-element-name SYSTEM uri > references an ex-

ternal but private DTD via uri . The referenced DTD is not available for

public scrutiny. For example, I might store my recipe language's DTD file

( recipe.dtd ) in a private dtds directory on my www.tutortutor.ca

website, and use <!DOCTYPE recipe SYSTEM "ht-

tp://www.tutortutor.ca/dtds/recipe.dtd"> to identify this

DTD's location via system identifier http://www.tutortutor.ca/

dtds/recipe.dtd .

• <!DOCTYPE root-element-name PUBLIC fpi uri > references

an external but public DTD via fpi , a formal public identifier (see ht-

and uri .IfavalidatingXMLparsercannotlocatetheDTDviapublicidentifier

fpi , it can use system identifier uri to locate the DTD. For example,

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Trans-

itional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtm-

l1-transitional.dtd"> referencestheXHTML1.0DTDfirstviapub-

lic identifier -//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN , and

second via system identifier http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/

xhtml1-transitional.dtd .

• <!DOCTYPE root-element [ dtd ]> referencesaninternalDTD,one

that is embedded within the XML document. The internal DTD must appear

between square brackets.

Listing10-8 presents Listing10-1 (minusthechildelementsbetweenthe <recipe>

and </recipe> tags) with an internal DTD.

Listing 10-8. The recipe document with an internal DTD

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<!DOCTYPE recipe [

<!ELEMENT recipe (title, ingredients, instructions)>

<!ELEMENT title (#PCDATA)>

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