How Is Food Political? Market, State, and Knowledge - The Oxford Topic of Food, Politics, and Society - page 32

55. See Assayag (2005); Shiva et al. (2000).
56. Seeds of Contention lays out the structure of the argument (Pinstrup-Andersen and
Schioler 2000). On the global assessment of knowledge on the question, see Scoones, this
volume. Chapters by Shome and Chappell take contrasting positions on the incorporation
of ethical objectives into social movements for sustainability and justice.
57. This section relies heavily on Sunstein's (2009) work on why false information spreads and
becomes credible, as well as Specter's (2009) work on why denial of facts takes hold and
persists in networks, and Heath and Heath (2007) findings on persistence of inaccurate
information appropriately packaged: ideas need not be right to “stick.”
58. Latour (2010); Oreskes and Conway (2010). On partisan attacks on science, Mooney
(2006); in relation to food politics, Paarlberg (2009).
59. Lipton (1977); Professor Lipton has consistently raised the point, continuously confirmed,
that investment in agricultural research yields very high returns but is underfunded. See
World Bank (2007); Paarlberg (2008)
60. Chapters by both Clough on labels and Johnston and MacKendrick on grocery shopping
provide examples of this behavior in relatively privileged classes and countries.
61. Numbers change with economic conditions and tweaking of eligibility requirements. See
http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2013/09/23/why-are-47- million-
americans-on-food-stamps-its-the-recession-mostly/ ; http://www.trivisonno.com/food-
stamps-charts
62. On the competitive “scramble” for exposure, funds and recognition, recruitment of exper-
tise and skills by transnational advocacy networks and NGOs, and their dependence on
urban skill sets and media, see Cooley and Ron (2002), Heins (2008), Madsen (2001) and
Bob (2005). For a less conventional version of the now-common critique of NGOs, see
Petras (1999).
63. Address at Bradley University, Peoria, Illinois, September 25, 1956. http://www.eisen-
hower.archives.gov/all_about_ike/quotes.html
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