Cryptography Reference
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Figure 8.4. Shared Database Approach Across Cross Layers
Horizontalcalibration . Horizontal calibration could be very useful in a resource-
constraint environment such WSN. In this case, not only individual parameters
pertaining to that layer are taken into consideration, but parameters pertaining to
other compatriot layers are also considered. For example, while routing packets, if
the network level state of intermediate nodes is taken into consideration, it would
be easy to detect nonactive nodes and could subsequently produce an energy-
efficient routing protocol. However, challenges do exist in case the participating
nodes do not adhere to the same cross-layer approach as the initiating node.
Shared Database Across Layers (Figure 8.4). The use of a common database which
emulates a new layer that provides services such as storage/retrieval of information
to all the layers is particularly well suited to vertical calibrations across layers. An
optimization program can interface with the different layers at once through the
shared database. Similarly, new interfaces between the layers can also be realized
through the shared database. However, the main challenge to this approach is with
the design of the interactions between the different layers and the shared database.
New Abstractions. In this case, cross-layer designs are presented in a completely
new way, and each design follows its own set of rules or protocols. For example,
using heaps instead of stacks could facilitate rich interactions between protocols
and offer greater facility in design and during the run-time environment. On
the contrary, such protocols may not interact with the traditional protocols and
hence are restricted to closed, proprietary networks.
8.4 Cross-Layer Key Distribution
In Section 6.5, we briefly introduced cross-layer key management in WSN. In this sec-
tion, we look at a cross-layer approach to key establishment that could result in reduced
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