Geology Reference
In-Depth Information
from
upslope
Rainfall
(total, rain days)
Interception
Direct
throughfall
Leaf
drainage
Plant cover
(canopy cover, ground cover, effective hydrological depth,
height, density, stem diameter)
Sediment
from
upslope
Slope angle
Soil particle
detachment by
raindrop impact and
runoff
Surface
runoff
Immediate
deposition of
detached
particles
Soil loss
from
slope
Total detached
material available for
transport
Soil particle
transport
capacity
Deposition of soil
particles when
sediment load
exceeds transport
capacity
Soil
(moisture storage capacity, roughness, bulk density)
Fig. 13.2
Erosion and sedimentation processes simulated by the MMF model (after Morgan & Duzant, 2008).
Table 13.4
Model input parameters.
Parameter
Source of information
Annual or seasonal rainfall (mm)
Meteorological records for Yeovilton
Mean annual or seasonal temperature (°C)
Meteorological records for Yeovilton
Rainfall intensity (mm h
−1
)
Guide value (10 mm h
−1
)
Annual or seasonal number of rain days
Meteorological records for Yeovilton
Soil moisture at field capacity (% w/w)
Field measurement
Soil bulk density (Mg m
−3
)
Field measurement
Effective hydrological depth (m)
Guide value according to vegetation cover
Slope angle (°)
Field measurement
Slope length (m)
Field measurement
Slope width (m)
Field measurement
Soil surface roughness (cm m
−1
)
Field measurement
Permanent interception (proportion)
Guide value according to vegetation cover
E
t
/E
o
ratio
Guide value according to vegetation cover
Canopy cover (proportion)
Field measurement
Ground cover (proportion)
Field measurement
Plant height (m)
Field measurement
Plant stem diameter (m)
Field measurement
Plant stem density (number m
−2
)
Field measurement
Detachability of clay particles by rain (g J
−1
)
Guide value
Detachability of silt particles by rain (g J
−1
)
Guide value
Detachability of sand particles by rain (g J
−1
)
Guide value
Detachability of clay particles by runoff (g mm
−1
)
Guide value
Detachability of silt particles by runoff (g mm
−1
)
Guide value
Detachability of sand particles by runoff (g mm
−1
)
Guide value
Manning's
n
Guide value according to vegetation
Flow depth (m)
Guide value (0.005 m) for unconcentrated flow;
measured channel depth for concentrated flow.
Guide values are taken from the model description in Morgan and Duzant (2008).
