Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
Logical Access:. The. connection. of. one. device. or. system.
to.another.through.the.use.of.software..The.software.
may.run,.say,.as.the.result.of.a.user.powering.a.PC,.
which.then.executes.the.log-in.sequence,.or.it.may.be.
the.result.of.internal.processing.between.systems.
Logical Security:. Software.safeguards.of.the.organization's.
systems;. for. instance,. IDs,. passwords,. access. rights,.
authority.levels,.and.so.forth.
Logon/Log-Off:. The. processes. by. which. users. start. and.
stop.using.a.computer.system.
Mainframe:. Used.originally.as.a.term.for.almost.any.com-
puter.system,.then.to.describe.a.large.system,.the.term.
mainframe
.is.used.less.frequently.as.the.numbers.in.
use.decline..This.is.due.largely.to.the.massive.increase.
in. processor. power. of. smaller. computers.. A. year.
2000.home.user.desktop.computer.has.more.storage.
capacity.and.raw.processing.power.than.a.1966.vin-
tage.mainframe,.and.an.entire.organization.can.now.
be. run. with. just. one. desktop. server. connected. to. a.
number.of.PCs..Mainframes.(and.supercomputers).are.
still.being.built,.installed,.and.run,.but.their.use.tends.
to.be.restricted.to.the.scientiic/academic/government.
communities.rather.than.the.commercial.world.
Media:. The.physical.material.that.stores.computer.informa-
tion.. It. comes. in. two. basic. types—ixed. and. remov-
able—and.a.variety.of.lavors:
.
. Hard. disk,. loppy. disk,. compact. disc,. laser. disk,.
magneto-optical.disk,.Zip.disk,.super.loppy,.magnetic.
tape.reel,.magnetic.tape.cartridge,.digital.audio.tape,.
paper.tape,.and.so.forth.
.
. Each.of.these.have.their.“for”.and.“against”.lobby.
groups,. and. there. are. no. “best”. media,. only. the.
“most. appropriate”. for. a. given. organization. in. given.
circumstances.
.
. Irrespective.of.which.media.are.used,.they.will.con-
tain.important.data,.and.therefore.must.be.used.and.
stored.under.properly.controlled.conditions.
