Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
looking.for.speciic.pieces.of.information,.and.inding.
everything.except.what.you.are.looking.for.)
Data Storage Device:. A.device.that.may.or.may.not.have.
intelligence.that.is.connected.to.an.organization's.net-
work.via.a.network.port,.or.by.insertion.into.a.com-
puting.device.port.that.is.connected.to.the.network..
These.devices.are.generally.used.for.data.storage.
Database:. A.collection.of.iles,.tables,.forms,.reports,.and.so.
forth,.held.on.computer.media.that.have.a.predictable.
relationship. with. each. other. for. indexing,. updating,.
and.retrieval.purposes.
Database Administrator (DBA):. A. highly. technical. per-
son.who.specializes.in.the.development.and.mainte-
nance. of. databases. and. database. applications.. The.
DBA.is.responsible.for.ensuring.that.all.housekeeping.
routines. are. performed. on. the. database,. which. may.
include. designing. and. maintaining. the. structure. and.
content.of.the.(many).tables.which.together.form.the.
database,.and.the.relationships.between.these.tables..
In.addition,.the.DBA.will.usually.be.specialized.in.writ-
ing. reports. and. querying. the. database,. usually. using.
Structured.Query.Language.(SQL).
DES/AES:. The.
Data. Encryption. Standard
. (DES). and. the.
Advanced.Encryption.Standard
.(AES).are.both.data.
encryption.standards.for.the.scrambling.of.data.to.pro-
tect. the. conidentiality. of. the. data.. It. was. developed.
by. IBM. in. cooperation. with. the. American. National.
Security.Agency.and.published.in.1974..It.has.become.
extremely. popular. and,. because. it. used. to. be. so. dif-
icult. to. break,. with. 72,000,000,000,000,000. pos-
sible. key. variations,. was. banned. from. export. from.
the. United. States.. However,. restrictions. by. the. U.S..
Government.on.the.export.of.encryption.technology.
were.lifted.in.2000.to.the.United.States.and.a.number.
of.other.countries..The.AES.is.a.state-of-the-art.algo-
rithm.(developed.by.Rijndael).and.was.chosen.by.the.
U.S.. National. Institute. of. Standards. and. Technology.
