Information Technology Reference
In-Depth Information
example,.most.data.capture,.essentially.creating.new.
iles.or.transactions,.is.performed.at.a.relatively.junior.
level,.and.it.is.not.uncommon.for.senior.management.
to.have.access.rights.only.to.view.data.with.no.power.
to.change.it..There.are.very.good.internal.control.and.
audit.reasons.for.adopting.this.approach.
ANSI (American National Standards Institute):. The.main.
organization.responsible.for.furthering.technology.stan-
dards.within.the.United.States..ANSI.is.also.a.key.player.
with.the.International.Standards.Organization.(ISO).
Antivirus Program:. Software.designed.to.detect,.and.poten-
tially.eliminate,.viruses.before.they.have.had.a.chance.
to.wreak.havoc.within.the.system,.as.well.as.repair-
ing.or.quarantining.iles.that.were.already.infected.by.
virus.activity.
Archive:. An. area. of. data. storage. set. aside. for. noncurrent.
(old,.or.historical).records.in.which.the.information.can.
be.retained.under.a.restricted.access.regime.until.no.
longer. required. by. law. or. organization. record. reten-
tion.policies..This.is.a.ield.in.which.computers.have.
distinct.advantage.over.older.paper.iles,.in.that.com-
puter.iles.can.be.compressed.when.archived.to.take.
up.far.less.space.on.the.storage.media..Paper.records.
can. only. be. compressed. by. using. microilm,. micro-
iche,.or,.more.recently,.by.scanning.into.a.computer.
system.. Whichever. system. is. chosen,. care. must. be.
exercised. to. ensure. that. the. records. retained. meet.
legal.requirements.should.it.ever.be.necessary.to.pro-
duce.these.records.in.a.court.of.law.
Audit Log:. Computer. iles. containing. details. of. amend-
ments.to.records,.which.may.be.used.in.the.event.of.
system.recovery.being.required..The.majority.of.com-
mercial.systems.feature.the.creation.of.an.audit.log..
Enabling. this. feature. incurs. some. system. overhead,.
but. it. does. permit. subsequent. review. of. all. system.
activity,. and. provides. details. of. which. user. ID. per-
formed.which.action.to.which.iles.and.when..Failing.
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