Biology Reference
In-Depth Information
Morphology
Nucleic acid
Family(-viridae)
Example
Members Characteristics
Tailed
DNA, ds, L
Myo-
T4
1312
Tail long, contractile
OOO
ds, L
Sipho-
3262
Tail long, non-contractile
ds, L
Podo-
T7
771
Tail short
I I I X174
Polyhedral
DNA, ss, C
Micro-
38
ds, C, T
Cortico-
PM2
3?
Complex capsid, lipids
ds, L
Tec t i -
PRD1
19
Internal membrane
RNA, ss, L
Levi-
MS2
38
Envelope, lipids
III 6
ds, L, S
Cysto-
3
Filaments or rods
Filamentous
DNA, ss, C
Ino-
fd
66
Envelope, lipids
Pleomorphic
DNA, ds, C, T
Plasma-
L2
5
Spindle-shaped, no capsid
dsDN
A
Corticoviridae
Tectiviridae
Podoviridae
Myoviridae
Siphoviridae
Plasmaviridae
sss
sss
ss
D
N
A
dsRN
A
Microviridae
Cystoviridae
ssRN
A
Leviviridae
Inoviridae
Figure 1: Major bacteriophage groups. C, circular; L, linear; S, segmented; T, superhelical; ds, double-stranded; ss, single-
stranded. Modifi ed with the permission of H-W. Ackermann, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectiology,
Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Vandry Pavilion, Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec, QC, G1K 7P4, Canada. (Ackermann,
2011).
like the other T-odd phages. Podoviridae have heads with short non-contractile tail that is shorter
than head. Examples are T3 and T7. These are morphologically, genetically and serologically are
unrelated amongst each other and with the rest. These T-odd phages are dependent virulent as
throughout their replication bacterial chromosome remains intact. The DNA of these phages contains
normal cytosine.
Cyanophages have been designated by the fi rst letters of the sensitive hosts followed by Arabic
numerals in order of their discovery. Most of the cyanophages discovered till 1990 have been
designated like this. But with the discovery of marine cyanophages and the adoption of nomenclature
norms along with the fi rst letter(s) of the name of host, the fi rst letter of the area/locality is added from
which collection is made followed by the letter representing the morphotype of the virus. Accordingly,
S-SSM2 phage (described by Sullivan et al ., 2003) the fi rst letter S denotes the host Synechococcus ,
 
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