Introduction to Windows Networking - MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Active Directory Configuration - page 337

3. Right-click Local Area Connection and click Properties . Double-click Internet Protocol
Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) .
4. In the Properties dialog box, click the Advanced button to open the Advanced TCP/IP
Settings dialog box. Under the IP addresses list box, click Add . Type 192.168.100.XX for
the IP address and 255.255.255.0 for the subnet mask. Click Add , click OK twice, and then
click Close .
5. Open a command prompt window. Type ipconfig and press Enter . You should see two IPv4
address and subnet mask entries.
6. Log on to the domain from your Vista computer as Administrator.
7. Open a command prompt window, and type ping -a 192.168.100.2xx and press Enter . Type
ping -a 192.168.100.XX and press Enter . The -a option tells the Ping command to try to
resolve the address to the computer name. In both instances, your server name should have
been returned.
8. Type ping serverXX and press Enter . There's no telling which address will be used in the
ping. When you ping the server name, a DNS lookup is performed, and DNS returns a list
of all addresses configured for this host. The first one in the list is the address Ping uses. DNS
rotates the order in which it lists addresses when more than one entry exists for a hostname.
9. Type ipconfig /displaydns to display the local DNS cache. You see both IP address entries
for your server.
10. Type ipconfig /flushdns to delete the local DNS cache. Try pinging serverXX again. If Ping
uses the same address as in Step 9, try flushing the DNS cache again and then pinging again.
Eventually, you should get the other IP address in the Ping output because DNS rotates the
order in which it sends the addresses.
11. Type nslookup serverXX and press Enter . Nslookup should display both IP addresses con-
figured for serverXX.
12. Stay logged on to your Vista computer with the command prompt window open for the next
activity.

8

Activity 8-4: Using the Arp Command

Time Required: 10 minutes
Objective: Use the Arp command to display and delete ARP entries.
Description: You want to see how the Arp command-line program works, so you display the
ARP cache, and then delete its contents. Next, you use the Ping and Arp commands to see the
difference between pinging a computer on a local and a remote network.
1. If necessary, log on to the domain from your Vista computer as Administrator, and open a
command prompt window.
2. Type arp -a and press Enter . You should see a few entries. Those listed as static in the Type
column are created automatically by Windows. The dynamic entries are a result of your
computer having recently sent an Arp request message for the specified IP address. Note that
these Arp messages are sent automatically by your computer whenever it needs to get
another computer's MAC address, such as when your Vista computer needs to contact the
domain controller when you log on.
3. Type arp -d and press Enter . Type arp -a and press Enter . The -d option deletes the ARP
cache. After the second command, you might get the message “No ARP Entries Found,” or
you might see an entry or two if your computer tried to contact another computer in the
time between the two Arp commands.
4. Type arp -d and press Enter to clear any recently acquired entries, and then immediately type
ping s erverXX and press Enter . Type arp -a and press Enter again. You should see an ARP
entry for your server.