Flow of Control - Absolute Java - page 104

Nested Statements
As you have seen, if-else statements and if statements contain smaller statements
within them. Thus far, we have used compound statements and simple statements,
such as assignment statements, as these smaller substatements, but there are other
possibilities. In fact, any statement at all can be used as a subpart of an if-else
statement or other statement that has one or more statements within it.
When nesting statements, you normally indent each level of nested substatements,
although there are some special situations (such as a multiway if-else statement)
where this rule is not followed.

indenting

Self-Test Exercises

1. Write an if-else statement that outputs the word "High" if the value of the
variable score is greater than 100 and outputs "Low" if the value of score is at
most 100. The variable score is of type int .
2. Suppose savings and expenses are variables of type double that have been
given values. Write an if-else statement that outputs the word "Solvent" ,
decreases the value of savings by the value of expenses , and sets the value of
expenses to zero, provided that savings is larger than expenses . If, however,
savings is less than or equal to expenses, the if-else statement should simply
output the word "Bankrupt" without changing the value of any variables.
3. Suppose number is a variable of type int . Write an if-else statement that
outputs the word "Positive" if the value of the variable number is greater than
0 and outputs the words " Not positive " if the value of number is less than or
equal to 0.
4. Suppose salary and deductions are variables of type double that have been
given values. Write an if-else statement that outputs the word "Crazy" if
salary is less than deductions ; otherwise, it should output "OK" and set the
variable net equal to salary minus deductions .

Multiway if-else Statement
The multiway if-else statement is not really a different kind of Java statement.
It is simply an ordinary if-else statement nested inside if-else statements, but it
is thought of as a different kind of statement and is indented differently from other
nested statements so as to reflect this thinking.
The syntax for a multiway if-else statement and a simple example are given in
the box entitled “Multiway if-else Statement.” Note that the Boolean expressions
are aligned with one another, and their corresponding actions are also aligned with one
another. This makes it easy to see the correspondence between Boolean expressions
and actions. The Boolean expressions are evaluated in order until a true Boolean
expression is found. At that point, the evaluation of Boolean expressions stops, and the

multiway
if-else
statement