Geology Reference
In-Depth Information
Exercise 3 • Measurements, Basic Calculations and Conversions, and Graphs
grams/cubic centimeter, which can also be written as
gm/cc or gm/cm 3 . We want to convert this to pounds
per cubic foot (or lbs/ft 3 ), so we set up these units on
the right side of the relationship (in italics). We also
need to know the conversions between pounds and
kilograms and meters and feet.
a. slope of 5°?
b. slope of 50%?
7. Convert the following, showing your work using a dimen-
sional relationship,
a. 12 miles to feet
19.3 gm/cc = (19.3gm/lcc) X (1 lb/0.4536 kg)
X (l kg/1000 gm )X (1 cc/0.061 in 3 ) X (1728in 3 /l ft 3 )
= 1205 lbs/ft 3
b. 15 m to cm
QUESTIONS 3, PART B
1. You had 23 questions incorrect on an exam that had a total
of 96 questions. What was your percentage score? (Show
how you set up the relationship.)
c. 10 km to miles
d. 5 miles to kilometers
2. You had a 10 percent deduction in the price of a topic that
had a list price of $22.50. What was your cost, before taxes?
(Show how you set up the relationship.)
e. 12 cubic feet/sec to m 3 /sec
f. 60 miles per hour to km/hr
3. Ozone levels increased from 250 to 275; what was the per-
centage increase? (Show how you set up the relationship.)
g. gm/cc to lbs/ft 3
PART C. GRAPHS
Graphs provide insight to relationships and patterns
between sets of data that would be difficult to discover
or describe in tabular or text form. Although calcula-
tors and software packages for computers (spread-
sheets) have the capability of producing graphs, we
explore the construction and interpretation of three
simple graphs. We also look at the techniques for tak-
ing data from published graphs and guidelines for
making titles for graphs.
For most graphs, each point represents a pair of
numbers. They are read or plotted from the horizontal
(x axis) and vertical (y axis) axes, both of which must
have labels and values. The axial scales may be of
arithmetic or logarithmic, meaning that the numbered
units on the axial scales are uniform or equally spaced
(10, 20, and 30) or they are not uniform in size (1, 10,
100), respectively.
4. Ozone levels decreased from 400 to 300; what was the per-
centage decline? (Show your work.)
5. What is the slope between two points on a map, B and S,
given that B has an elevation of 150 feet and S has an eleva-
tion of 100 feet above sea level and they are 1 mile apart?
a. in feet per mile?
b. in feet per feet (or without dimensions)?
c. in percent?
Simple Graphs
A bar chart or histogram is a series of rectangular
blocks, the area of which represents the quantity of an
item. Usually, the width of each block is constant, so
the height represents the quantity of the item.
d. in degrees?
6. What is the gradient or slope of the following?
Search WWH ::




Custom Search