Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
(a) CoStar holes-and-hinges structure
00 µm
100 36 mm
00.1 20 KV
(b) Janus intra-built deep grooves
FIGURE 6.11
Intra-built reservoirs-holes (a) and grooves (b). (a) CoStar holes-and-hinges structure. (Reproduced with per-
mission from Elsevier Ltd. Kukreja et al.,
Pharmacol. Res.
, 57:171-180, 2008.) (b) Janus intra-built deep grooves.
(Reproduced with permission from HMP Communications LLC. Chadwick, D.R.,
Cath. Lab. Dig.
, 14, 1.1, 2006.)
grooves provide the feasibility of delivering multiple drugs in a noncontinuous coating. It
minimizes the unnecessary delivery of drugs and matrix materials into the bloodstream.
The fifth basic structure is the nonpreferential porous structure made from mechanical
machining (Mehilli et al., 2006) or the selective oxidative itching (Wieneke et al., 2003). The
former produces a microporous membrane, and the latter introduces nanoporous struc-
ture. The porous membrane can be made using the stent surface directly or using an addi-
tional layer, such as aluminum (Figure 6.12).
Using the metal stent platform for controlled release of drugs or recruitment of endothe-
lial progenitor cells, DES have three or fewer coating layers to create the active surface.
FIGURE 6.12
Porous top surface of the BioFreedom experimental stent. (Reproduced with permission from Prof. Dr. Grube.)
