Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Tabl e 3
Biochemical stochastic -calculus specification of 4-phase lympho-
cyte recruitment process
SYSTEM
WWD
PSGL
1
j
PSELECTIN
j
CHEMOKIN
j
CHEMOREC
j
ALPHA
4
j
VCAM
1
j
LFA
1
j
ICAM
1
PSGL
1
WWD
.
backbon
e
/
BI
NDING PSITE
1
BINDING PSITE
WWD
.
bin
d
h
b
ackbone
i
;
RA
/:
PSGL
1
BOUND
.
backbone
/
PSGL
1
BOUND
.
bb
/
WWD
.
bb
;
RD
0
/:
PSGL
1
PSELECTIN
WWD
.
bind
.
cross backbone
/;
RA
/:
PS
ELE
CTIN BOUND
.
cross backbone
/
PSELECTIN BOUND
.
cbb
/
WWD
.cbb;
RD
0
/:
PSELECTIN
CHEMOKIN
WWD
.
ch
em
obb
/
BINDING CSITE
BINDING CSITE
WWD
.
lig
h
chemobb
i
;
RA C
/:
CHEMOKIN BOUND
.
chemobb
/
CHEMOKI
N BOUND
.
chemobb
/
WWD
ACT
1
j
ACT
2
j
ACT
3.
cbb
/
ACT
1
WWD
.
alpha
act
h
sign
1
i
;A/:
ACT
1
ACT
2
WWD
.
lfa act
h
sig
n
2
i
;A/:
ACT
2
ACT
3.chb/
WWD
.
chb
;
RD C
/:
CHEMOKIN
CHEMOREC
WWD
.
lig
.
cross chemobb
/;
RA C
/:
CHEMOREC BOUND
.
cross chemobb
/
CHEMOREC BOUND
.
ccr
/
WWD
.
ccr
;
A
/:
CHEMOREC
ALPHA
4
WWD
.
alpha act
.
act a
/;
A
/:
ALPHA
4
ACTIVE
LFA
1
WWD
.
lfa act
.
act l
/;
A
/:
LFA
1
ACTIVE
ALPHA
4
ACTIVE
WWD
.
bac
kbone
2/
BINDING ASITE
BINDING ASITE
WWD
.
bind
2
h
bac
kbone
2
i
;RA/:
ALPHA
4
BOUND
.
backbone
2/
ALPHA
4
BOUND
.
bb
2/
WWD
.
bb
2;
RD
1
/:
ALPHA
4
VCAM
1
WWD
.
bind
2.
cross bac
kbon
e
2/;
RA
/:
VCAM
1
BOUND
.
cross backbone
2/
VCAM
1
BOUND
.
cbb
2/
WWD
.
cbb
2;
RD
1
/:
VCAM
1
LFA
1
ACTIVE
WWD
.
backbo
ne
3/
BINDING SITE
3
BINDING SITE
3
WWD
.
bin
d
3
h
backbone
3
i
;
RA
/:
LFA
1
BOUND
.
backbone
3/
LFA
1
BOUND
.
bb
3/
WWD
.
bb
3;
RD
2
/:
LFA
1
BOUND
ICAM
1
WWD
.
bind
3.
cross bac
kbon
e
3/;
RA
/:
ICAM
1
BOUND
.
cross backbone
3/
ICAM
1
BOUND
.
cbb3
/
WWD
.
cbb
3;
RD
2
/:
ICAM
1
BOUND
RA
D
6:500
RA C
D
RD
0
D
0:051
RD
1
D
5:100
RD
2
D
1:000
RD C
D
3:800
A
D1
Radius of vessel
D
25 m
Length of vessel
D
100 m
Volume of vessel
D
1:96
10
5
m
3
Radius of lymphocyte
D
5m
ACT3 can receive a message on channel
chb
with a communication rate RD C and
return a CHEMOKIN in a free state.
The processes ALPHA4 and LFA1, representing the integrins molecules, com-
municate with ACT1 and ACT2 on the channel co-names
alpha act
and
lfa act
.
After the communication event, occurred at rate A, the processes ALPHA4 and
LFA1 change into their “active” forms ALPHA4 ACTIVE and LFA1 ACTIVE, that
are involved in the stable arrest of the lymphocyte on the endothelium.
Integrin-ligand interaction
The active form of the integrins ALPHA4 and LFA1,
abstracted by the processes ALPHA4 ACTIVE and LFA1 ACTIVE, are partially
