Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 4
(
a
) Tissue distribution and boundary conditions in the 1 and 4 week calluses (Adapted from
[
16
]); and (
b
) evolution of the mean mechanical stimulus in one point of the gap (see (
a
)) when
stimulating with different frequencies (1, 50 and 100 Hz) during 15 min [
30
]
to improve the endochondral ossification. As previous experimental works have
used frequencies up to 90 Hz [
40
] to stimulate bone mass formation in osteoporotic
conditions, this frequency was used experimentally in a long bone of a sheep
animal model in order to evaluate its functionality [
30
,
33
]. In fact, the findings
of the mechanobiological model were corroborated with experiments: stimulation
by LMHF mechanical stimulus with a frequency of 90 Hz improves the healing
outcome. Thus, in this study, the mathematical model has been used in combination
with experiments, showing the strong interaction needed within these research
fields.
4.2
Continuum Evolutive Models
A further step in-silico models are the continuum evolutive models. Continuum
evolutive models make use of the differentiation theories to predict from a com-
putational perspective the evolution of the main patterns of different biological
