Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 12
Repellent activity against the blue mussel,
Mytilus edulis
and the antifouling
activity [58, 59]
Antifouling activity
c
Compound
Repellent
activity
a
mol cm
-2
)
(50
µ
(Unit
b
)
15
30
60
90 days
Alkyl phenols
:
HO - C
6
H
4
-(R)(-
p
)
R = (CH
2
)
6
CH
3
4
+
+
+
±
R = C(CH
3
)
2
(CH
2
)C(CH
3
)
3
516
30
+
+
+
+
R = C
9
H
19
(
o
-and
p
-(1 : 9))
517
40
+
+
+
+
Isothiocyanate
6-Methylthiohexyl
10
+
+
+
+
Nicotinic acid derivative
Nicotinamide
313
-
-
-
-
Naphthoquinone derivative
1,4-Naphthoquinone
100
+
+
+
-
Antifouling agents
TBTO
200
+
+
+
+
TPT acetate
150
+
+
+
+
CuSO
4
d
100
a
Repellent activity is shown by unit, but compounds having no activity with 4 unit are
shown by +,
±
,or-
mol cm
-2
)
minimum dose of the sample for ++ activity (
minimum dose of CuSO
4
for ++ activity (
µ
b
Unit: 100
×
mol cm
-2
)
µ
c
+, no fouling organisms in the sample zone;
±
, slightly active; -, the degree of fouling
was the same as that in the blank zone
d
Standard sample for repellent activity in the blue mussel assay
Table 13
Repellent activity against the blue mussel,
Mytilus edulis
[48]
Compound
Repellent activity
(Unit
a
)
(+) Catechin
521
6
(-)-Epicatechin
522
14
Kaempferol coumaroylglucopyranoside
523
(Kaempferol)
227
Polydatin 6
-
O
-(
E
)-
p
-coumarate
524
185
Raponticin 6
-
O
-(
E
)-
p
-coumarate
525
179
TBTO
200
TPT acetate
150
CuSO
4
b
100
minimum dose of CuSO
4
for ++ activity (
µ
mol cm
-2
)
minimum dose of the sample for ++ activity (
µ
mol cm
-2
)
a
Unit: 100
×
b
Standard sample for repellent activity in the blue mussel assay: 100
