Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Table 6
Combinations of four-biocides with the number of products for each type
ZnPT + TPBP
Diuron + TPBP
Cu
2
O+Diuron
+ Irgarol + ziram: 6
+ SN211 + CuSCN: 3
+ Irgarol + DCF: 3
Cu
2
O + CuPT
Cu
2
O + ZnPT
ZnPT + TPBP
+ SN211 + TCPM: 3
+ Irgarol + zineb: 2
+ ziram + TPN: 1
Diuron + SN211
+CuSCN+TPN:1
because boron in the mother moiety of TPBP reacts with copper [5]. As proof
of this, there is no combination of TPBP with Cu
2
OintheList.Diuronis
most frequently used in three-biocide mixtures with 33 products. Diuron is
used with Cu
2
Oinmostproductsatafrequencyof84%(53
63 products).
SN211 is used in three-biocide mixtures at a frequency of 75%, and in four-
biocide mixtures at a frequency of 17%. Irgarol is not used alone, but is used
in two- to four-biocide mixtures. TPN is used in three-biocide mixtures at
afrequencyof83%. The biocides numbered
9
-
16
in Table 3 are rarely used
alone, but are mainly used in combination with the biocides numbered
1
-
8
.
The List contains the type of antifouling system that was applied by
a company. All products with biocides are classified as an organotin-free
self-polishing hydrolysis type or hydration type, an ablative type, or a con-
ventional type, according to the leaching mechanisms of the biocides from
the paint surface. Table 7 shows the top eight antifouling systems with bio-
cides. The most popular is the self-polishing hydrolysis type containing Cu
2
O
and CuPT with 65 products. Cu
2
O alone is classified as a conventional type
(21products)andanablativetype(20products).ThemixtureswithCu
2
O
are classified into five types, depending on the cobiocide. For example, the
combination Cu
2
O and CuPT is classified as a self-polishing hydrolysis type
(65 products), a self-polishing type (21 products), and a self-polishing hydra-
tion type (12 products).
/
Table 7
Top eight organotin-free antifouling systems
Biocide mixtures
Type of antifouling system
Products
Self-polishing hydrolysis type
Cu
2
O+CuPT
65
Self-polishing type
ZnPT + TPBP
25
Conventional type
Cu
2
O
21
Self-polishing type
Cu
2
O+CuPT
21
Ablative type
Cu
2
O
20
Self-polishing type
Cu
2
O+ZnPT
16
Ablative type
Cu
2
O+Diuron
15
Self-polishing hydration type
Cu
2
O+CuPT
12
