Geoscience Reference
In-Depth Information
Therefore, a destabilization process depends on the existence of
preparatory and starting agents. Such processes can be shallow translational
landslides (thicker colluvial soils cover on residual soil), deep landslides
(thick landfi ll in residual soils with low shear strength, etc.), blocks down
(towards the courts foliation or weakness planes in rock alteration soil and/
or altered rocks, exhibition plans of fractures in rock, etc.), slow movements
colluvial masses, debris fl ow, etc. Some of these processes can occur
abruptly, but in most cases signs of destabilization process before it occurs
can be noticed. It is very diffi cult, however, to preview the time between
the identifi cation of instability signs and the destructive process failure.
The identifi cation of preliminary agents, the evaluation of the possibility
of starting agents and the anticipated mechanisms of instability should be
the main objectives of the risk register.
Areas with very high levels of risk should be vacated and an emergency
declared until it can be left to the social care teams to quantify the number of
families to be removed in each defi ned area and position of public agencies
setting locations for temporary shelter or permanent families to be removed.
Areas with high level of risk should be examined, each case should
be defi ned by technical analysis that is in charge of monitoring and are
subjected to intervention until a fi nal, or whether these areas should also
be vacated.
Areas with medium and low levels of risk should be monitored until
a plan of intervention and to eliminate the risk factors.
Warning Systems and Monitoring of Slopes
Public agencies spend extensive funds to solve the problems of slopes
usually at a stage when it is too late or the slope is at a stage of imminent
collapse (Rocha 1986). The solutions to the risk areas should be planned
in an integrated manner, seeking to meet whenever possible, not only
the elimination of risk but also the feasibility of implementing urban
infrastructure (access roads, sanitation, lighting, etc.) thus optimizing the
use of public resources.
With this in mind, the greatest challenge facing the issue of geotechnical
interventions is when solutions are based only on existing problems and
focus on one issue rather than looking at the holistic picture. This can be
achieved with proper planning of public expenditures, the development
of public policies on land use and soil, the adequacy of relevant legislation
and effective enforcement of these policies and laws.
Another major challenge is to change the current philosophy that
a geotechnical intervention should be made mandatory by a work of
containment and/or stabilization. The city of São Paulo currently has
approximately 3,000 local geotechnical risks, involving tens of thousands
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