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Figure 12.2.
Land-use/cover changes in the Kewer Gadhera sub-watershed (percentage of
Geographical area).
Black Mulberry is found between 1800 m and 2600 m and Deodar, Spruce,
and Silver Fir are found above 2600 m. As indicated in Table 12.2, a large
increase took place in areas under pine forest in the sub-watershed. Pine
forest invaded temperate forest of oak at a large scale, mostly on the south
facing slope (Sati 2010). The people of the surrounding villages opine that
this situation has arisen due to climate change. Pine forests are grown
comparatively in the warmer climate. As the temperature is increasing in
the middle higher slopes, the pine forests are spreading towards higher
elevation and invading oak forests. The other reason of increase in pine
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