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From Preparedness to Recovery:
A Tri-Level Programming Model
for Disaster Relief Planning
Takashi Irohara
1
, Yong-Hong Kuo
2
, and Janny M.Y. Leung
3
1
Department of Information and Communication Sciences
Faculty of Science and Technology, Sophia University
Tokyo, Japan
irohara@sophia.ac.jp
2
Faculty of Management and Administration
Macau University of Science and Technology
Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau
yonghongkuo@gmail.com
3
Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management
The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
janny@se.cuhk.edu.hk
Abstract.
This paper proposes a tri-level programming model for dis-
aster preparedness planning. The top level addresses facility location and
inventory pre-positioning decisions; the second level represents damage
caused by the disaster, while the third level determines response and re-
covery decisions. We use an interdiction framework instead of a stochas-
tic or chance-constrained model. This allows the extent of damage to
be treated as a parameter to facilitate scenario exploration for decision-
support. We develop an iterative dual-ascent solution approach. Compu-
tational results show that our approach is ecient, and we can also draw
some insights on disaster relief planning.
Keywords:
disaster preparedness, inventory pre-positioning, facility
location, humanitarian logistics, bi-level programming.
1 Introduction
The past decade has witnessed major natural and man-made disasters all around
the world. From blizzards, earthquakes, flooding, hurricanes, tsunami and wild-
fires, to famine, oil-spills and radiation accidents, no continent has been spared.
Practitioners have recognisedthat strategic location of depots and pre-positioning
of inventory greatly facilitate the speed and eciency of evacuation and/or deliv-
ering supplies in the crucial days immediately after disaster strikes. In determining
the level of supplies to pre-position and their location, one must balance the cost
of maintaining such stockpiles against the probability of disasters that would uti-
lize them in relief efforts. Anticipating scenarios where some of the depots might
