Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
• The comparative studies between the CFD and FSI approach for different ge-
ometries showed significant differences caused vessel deformation. This led to
different flow patterns such as a decrease in blood flow velocity and different
wall shear stress values.
• The study of the left coronary artery showed that patients with a bifurcation
angle θ > 80° was significantly larger than that measured in patients with bifur-
cation angle θ < 80° due to the presence of atherosclerotic plaques, and wider
bifurcation angles are closely related to the development of atherosclerosis, thus
leading to coronary artery disease.
• Calcification clusters plays a major role in plaque rupture demonstrated by struc-
tural analysis on a continuous calcification agglomerate structure. The analysis
of calcified plaque showed that subintimal plaque structures such as the fibrous
cap, calcification gap and lipid core play an important role in determining plaque
rupture. This data should be used in place of information on stenotic severity that
is based on medical image visualisation.
• For coronary artery bypass, flow was characterized by the deforming structures
that influenced the flow pattern. This meant that the use of FSI modelling is an
integral in haemodynamic study of coronary arterial bypass graft. For aortic dis-
sections, bypass graft simulations showed that it can divert blood flow from the
aortic dissection. The bypass graft reduces the expansion and rupture of aortic
dissection, to improve the closure of the dissection layer to improves blood per-
fusion of the lower limbs.
• Finally FSI simulations were able to model the complex mitral valve in the heart.
The simulations prescribed motion of the left ventricle during diastolic filling.
The results showed the influence of a pressure difference to drive the valve mo-
tion and induce blood filling in the left ventricle.
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