Applications of FSI for Cardiovascular Haemodynamics - Computational Hemodynamics: Theory, Modelling and Applications - page 270

Fig. 8.35 Patient-specific pressure waveform used in simulation. Patient-specific pressure wave-
form for the fluid simulation within the carotid bifurcation shows a maximum of 107 mmHg used.
This waveform is imposed at the entrance of the artery

Table 8.6 Material properties for artery and blood constituents. The Young's modulus and Poison
ratio for artery as well as density and viscosity for blood are presented for the blood-vessel interac-
tion simulation
Artery
Young's modulus (Pa) 5.00E + 05

Poisson ratio 0.5

Blood
Density (kg/m 3 ) 1050

Viscosity (Pa s) 3.50E − 03

8.5.3 Two-Dimensional Structural Modelling

Sub-intimal plaque structures such as fibrous cap thickness play an important role
in plaque stress distribution. We analyze the pathological fracture caused by the in-
creases of stress on plaque. In addition the calcification gap (which is defined as the
width of the lipid layer sandwiched between the calcification agglomerate and the
fibrous cap) is another variable. Due to different elastic materials in the composi-
tion, stress concentrations vary throughout the structure (Beattie et al. 1998; Loree
et al. 1994). Therefore, it is of interest to simulate how the morphological configura-
tions affect the stress levels on the plaque which lead to fracture. Sensitivity studies
on the effects of lipid elasticity and fibrous cap thickness is then explored for the
case of a constant lipid core.