Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 8
Applications of FSI for Cardiovascular
Haemodynamics
8.1
Introduction
Computational simulations increase in complexity when it considers blood flow
with elastic wall structures of the cardiovascular system. In this chapter we pres-
ent applications of fluid-structure interaction in cardiovascular haemodynamics to
provide the reader with an overview of some of the latest developments in this
emerging field.
8.2
Flow in an Idealised Stenotic Artery Bifurcation
It is widely accepted that severe stenosis contributes to some cardiovascular dis-
eases such as heart attack, ischemia, and atherosclerosis. In this example we present
a comparative between an idealized healthy and stenosed carotid artery bifurcation
by studying the interaction of the artery wall with vascular blood flow.
8.2.1
Computational Considerations
An idealised geometry of a healthy carotid bifurcation model is used by Tada and
Tarbell (2005) shown in Fig.
8.1
. Detailed dimensions of the geometry and model-
ling parameters are given in Table
8.1
. For a diseased carotid bifurcation model,
a stenosis is prescribed on the idealised model along the outer ICA sinus wall
through varying degrees of occlusion. The partitioned FSI approach was used in
the ANSYS software package. Fluid structure interaction is performed between
ANSYS-Mechanical for the solid domain and ANSYS-CFX for the fluid domain.
Coupling of the two solvers was performed until convergence of interface vari-
ables (such as displacements and pressure) was reached per time step. At each
coupling loop, the calculation of blood flow was initiated. The calculated pressure
field from the fluid domain was transferred to the solid domain as an applied force
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