Biomedical Engineering Reference
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dent on the anatomical geometry. Based on analytical evaluation and comparison,
a relationship between flow properties and geometry variations qualitatively and
quantitatively was made. A comparison of the flow property for the left and right
carotid vessels of every patient, and evaluation of the flow for different patients at
the same location was performed to establish the relationship between the stroke
and haemodynamics.
Individual vascular anatomy and pulsatile flow conditions were incorporated
into the simulation. It was found that geometries of the carotid bifurcation are high-
ly complex, involving helical curvature and out-of plane branching. These features
result in wall shear stresses that are significantly different from those found in the
simplified carotid bifurcation models.
This case study presented:
• A comparison of flow characteristics between various stenosed blood vessels
simulation that shall act as a basis for evaluation of an appropriate haemodynam-
ics parameter of assessment.
• A CFD prediction of blood flow in arteries based on the suggested haemody-
namics parameters will make it possible for support in clinical assessment of
atherosclerosis.
7.4
Analysis of Stented Artery Based
on Intra-Aneurysmal Flow Simulation
7.4.1
Configuration of Aneurysm Stenting
Based on numerical simulations, the change in intra-aneurysmal flow field for a
diseased artery before and after stenting can be studied. Pressure gradient and shear
strain mapping can be performed by processing the simulation results and used to
analyze the flow in the aneurysm sac. To quantify the complex aneurysmal flow,
a monitor point collects flow properties at the center of the sac. Information from
these flow characteristics relate to the stress and strain due to swirling of the blood
within an aneurysm. This study simulates aneurysmal flow for both non-stented
and stented arterial configuration. The information can assist in optimising stent
configuration so that aneursym growth can be minimized as much as possible.
Numerical simulations based on untreated and stented aneurysmal arteries are
performed to demonstrate their difference in terms of blood flow. The modelling
of circular stent struts at the location of the aneurysm is used for the stented ar-
tery. Configurations based on 3, 4 and 7 stent struts at the neck of the aneurysm is
implemented (Fig.
7.22
).
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