Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 7
Case Studies of the Human Cardiovascular
System
7.1
Introduction
Having laid the groundwork to establish a strong theoretical base, this chapter cul-
minates the foundational knowledge attained by applying the theory and putting
them into practice through selected demonstrative applications. From a practical
viewpoint, the selected detailed case studies in this chapter will provide the reader
with insight and confidence in applying the techniques to a wide range of biomedi-
cal engineering applications. The computational model of a human atherosclerotic
artery and the heart structures developed and described in Chap. 3 and 4 are used
for the case studies herein. Analyses of the results are shown to inform the reader
how to translate the contours, vectors, and line plots and what to look out for in case
of any spurious results. Just like a medical practitioner reading CT or MRI scans
needs the ability to look for abnormalities, the colourful CFD results needs a person
who can interpret and distinguish it as a product of the numerical setup or as a new
physical finding. Therefore, the important aims of this chapter are to:
• apply the theoretical knowledge attained from previous chapters through worked
case studies,
• demonstrate different setup procedures that reflect the needs of individual cases,
• demonstrate how to convert raw data into presentable contour and vector maps,
and line plots, and
• demonstrate how to analyse the results and what type of results should be ex-
pected under different cases.
7.2
Haemodynamics of a Stenosed Carotid Bifurcation
The human carotid bifurcation is an important component of the cerebral vas-
cular system. Individual aspects of the carotid artery such as the geometry and
flow rate collectively affect cerebral function by bringing oxygenated blood into
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