Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Concepts (UUID)
1
2
3
Triples (S-P-O)
S
P
O
Assertion
S
P
O
A1
Annotation
A1
Nanopublication
Cardinal Assertion
NP1 (A1)
NP2 (A1)
NP3 (A1)
NP4 (A1)
CA1
A1
e
NP1
Figure 26.1
Evolution from concepts to triples to nanopublications to cardinal
assertions.
however, the advantage of RDF triples over Hypertext Markup Language
(HTML) hyperlinks is that the links are explicitly labeled. The semantics of
the relationship between the two entities is computationally accessible through
URI resolution. Finally, key to the effi cient use of triples is based entirely on
syntactic matching of the URI strings; each concept in the triple is uniquely
identifi ed, which leads to each triple itself being uniquely identifi ed as a car-
dinal assertion (Fig. 26.1). In this way it is possible to remove redundancy and
ambiguity, and generate the cardinal assertions, from the huge amount of
harvested assertions principally via linking to standardized concepts.
Although the task of capturing and disambiguating billions of potential
triples appears overwhelming at fi rst, the effi cient acquisition of triples can be
achieved through a judicious combination of automated technologies. Ideally,
the Semantic Web provides the platform technologies to generate assertions,
extract assertions from existing literature, and fi nally share them in a way that
will allow computational agents to discover, aggregate, and interpret these
assertions. For example, a named graph [8] is a simple extension to RDF that
provides the capability for assigning a URI to a given RDF graph. Named
graphs were specifi cally designed to support the tracking of provenance data
during aggregation and the description of the context for a particular graph.
Using the named graph technology, all annotations belonging to a nanopubli-
cation can be collected and should facilitate the collection of fi ne - grained
scientifi c information across the Web. Next, a key role for aggregator technolo-
gies will be to fi nd, fi lter, and combine all the evidence for an assertion from
a variety of nanopublications to determine the certainty of an assertion.
 
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