Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
10
SCIENTIFIC NETWORKING
AND COLLABORATIONS
EDWARD D. ZANDERS
10.1
Introduction 149
10.2
History and Background of Scientifi c Networks 150
10.3
Online Networks 150
10.3.1
Defi nitions 151
10.3.1.1
Web 1.0 and 2.0 151
10.3.1.2
Web 3.0: The Semantic Web 152
10.3.1.3
e - Science and the Fourth Paradigm 152
10.3.2
Computing Infrastructures 154
10.4
Life Sciences and the Internet 155
10.4.1
Bioinformatics 155
10.4.2
Biomedical Images 156
10.4.3
New Publication Models 156
10.5
Networking and Open - Source Drug Discovery 157
10.6
Conclusion 159
References 159
10.1
INTRODUCTION
Worldwide investment in biological research, although slowed down by recent
economic pressures, continues its upward growth trajectory. This is due in large
part to the need for better understanding and treatment of disease as well as
new environmental challenges such as the development of biofuels for energy
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