Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
forelimb by bandaging to the body and implement strict
cage rest and sedation until surgery.
If a wound is infected, antibiotics should be instituted
empirically based on the most likely bacteria given the
type of wound, and treatment should be guided by culture
and sensitivity results. Immediate administration of anti-
biotics via the intravenous route is indicated in animals
with open fractures (
Grant and Olds, 2003
). The most
likely wound contaminants are gram positive skin flora,
and a first generation cephalosporin should be adminis-
tered. However, bite wounds and/or fecal contamination
warrant gram negative coverage, and antimicrobials with
anaerobic coverage such as metronidazole (35
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Brady, A. G. (2000). The squirrel monkey in biomedical and behavioral
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Brady, A. G., Williams, L. E., & Abee, C. R. (1990). Hypoglycemia of
squirrel monkey neonates:
50 mg/kg
p.o. s.i.d. or b.i.d. or 7.5 mg/kg i.v. q.i.d.;
Hawk et al.,
2005
; California National Primate Research Center
(CaNPRC), 2009) and clindamycin (12.5 mg/kg p.o. or
i.m. t.i.d.; California National Primate Research Center
(CaNPRC), 2009) should be considered for necrotic
wounds. In heavily contaminated wounds, a combination
of local and systemic antibiotics may be indicated. High
local concentrations of antibiotics can be achieved using
polymethyl methacrylate beads impregnated with antibi-
otic. These beads must be removed 2
e
implications for infant survival. Lab.
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Brady, A. G., Hutto, G. E., Williams, L. E., & Abee, C. R. (1991).
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3weeksafter
implantation (
Hedstrom, 1980
). Infection involving bone
usually necessitates systemic antibiotic therapy for at least
one month's duration, but the actual duration of antibiotic
therapy should be based on signs of infection in the wound
and culture and sensitivity results on a case-by-case basis.
Fever, inappetence, excessive pain, swelling, drainage,
leukocytosis, and radiographic signs of osteomyelitis
suggest an infected fracture site.
The risk of orthopedic trauma may be reduced by
eliminating structural design components in primary
enclosures that increase the risk of injury. At times, even
well-designed and time-tested caging materials may
provide the opportunity for injury because of the inquisitive
nature of nonhuman primates. An investigation should be
performed into the cause of each significant orthopedic
injury to assess the need for changes in design of the
primary enclosure and to reduce the potential for injury.
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Brainard, B. (2009). Transfusion Therapy in Small Animal Medicine.
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Bronsdon, M. A., Homer, M. J., Magera, J. M. H., Harrison, C.,
Andrews, R. G., Bielitzki, J. T., et al. (1999). Detection of enzootic
babesiosis in baboons (Papio cynocephalus) and phylogenetic
evidence supporting synonymy of the genera Entopolypoides and
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California National Primate Research Center (CaNPRC). (2009). Veteri-
nary Pharmaceutical Formulary and Clinical Reference Handbook.
Davis Campus: The Regents of the University of California.
Capitanio, J. P., Kyes, R. C., & Fairbanks, L. A. (2006). Considerations in
the selection and conditioning of Old World monkeys for laboratory
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Chen, S., Wei, Q., Li, J., Xiang, Y., Guo, H., Ichim, T. E., et al. (2009). A
simple and reliable method to blood type monkeys using serum
samples. Transplant. Int., 22, 999
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Christe, K. L., & Valverde, C. R. (1999). The use of a percutaneous
endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube to reverse fatal fasting syndrome
in a cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis). Contemp. Top. Lab.
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