Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 14
Surgery in Nonhuman Primates
Marek A. Niekrasz and Craig L. Wardrip
Animal Resources Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
Chapter Outline
Introduction
339
Pain
351
Nonclinical Concerns
340
Inflammation
351
Ethics and Animal Welfare
340
Infection and Antimicrobials
351
Safe Work Environment
340
Fluid Therapy
351
Surgical Facilities
341
Postoperative Sedation/tranquilization
351
Cost
341
Ancillary Considerations
351
General Principles of Experimental Surgery
341
Iatrogenic Complications
351
Evaluation of Presurgical Fitness
341
Repair and Re-implantation Surgeries
351
Surgical Judgment
341
Overgrown Granulation Tissue
352
Asepsis Versus Antisepsis
342
Chronic Cranial Implants and Ancillary Devices
352
Preoperative Considerations
342
Stereotaxy
352
Hair Removal
342
Head Restraining Post
352
Positioning
342
Multi-electrode Arrays
352
Surgeon's Prep
342
Dura Substitute Materials
354
Surgical Field Prep
342
Cranial Recording Chambers
354
Illumination
343
Electromyographic (EMG) Electrodes
354
Sterilization Techniques
343
Chronic Venous/arterial Indwelling Devices and EKG
Leads
Intraoperative Considerations
343
354
Vital Signs
343
Implantable Devices for Telemetric Transmission of
Physiological Parameters
Hemostasis
343
355
Hydration
343
Chronic Cranio-facial Screws
355
Thermoregulation
344
Eye-coils
355
Blood Gases and Ventilator Use
344
Postsurgical Considerations
355
Surgical Manipulation and Handling of Tissues and
Organs
Foreign Body Reaction
355
344
Chronic Local Peri-implant Infections
355
Thoracic Cavity
347
Maintenance of Chronic Indwelling Vascular
Cannulae
Duration of Surgery
350
355
Record Keeping
350
Implant Failure
356
Operative and Postoperative Considerations
350
Endpoints
357
Wound Healing and Dressing
350
Experimental Endpoint
357
Sutures, Needles, and Suturing Patterns
350
Humane Endpoint
357
Perioperative Therapies
351
References
357
INTRODUCTION
Many expertly written surgical texts are available to
researchers and a single chapter in a general textbook can
not cover every procedure performed in research. The
authors of this chapter have chosen to share their own
experiences and preferred, general practices in surgery
including descriptions of procedures performed frequently
at their institution. Nonhuman primates offer many
advantages such as phylogenetic proximity and physical
and emotional similarities to man (
Eimerl and DeVore,
