Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Chapter 1
History of the Use of Nonhuman Primates
in Biomedical Research
Dennis O. Johnsen
*
, David K. Johnson
y
and Robert A. Whitney, Jr
z
*
Port Townsend, WA,
y
Cascade Biosciences Consultants, Inc., Sisters, OR,
z
RADM (0
e
8 Retired), US Public Health Service, Steilacoom, WA
Chapter Outline
Human and Nonhuman Primates to 1960
2
Constraints
13
Roots of Modern Primatology
2
Regulation
13
First Primate Centers
2
1978 Indian Ban on Monkey Exports
13
Soviet Institute of Experimental Pathology and Therapy
2
Similar Actions in Other Countries
14
Robert Yerkes and the Primate Laboratory of the Yale
Institute of Psychobiology
Responding to the Constraints
14
3
Rise of Domestic Breeding
14
Cayo Santiago and the Caribbean Primate Research
Center
Interagency Primate Steering Committee
15
3
Other Conservation Activities
15
Virological Research in Nonhuman Primates
4
Non-Governmental Organizations
15
General
4
Transition to the 1980s
16
Polio
4
Patterns of Usage
16
Kuru
5
Retroviral Disease
17
Virus (Herpes B Virus or Macacine Herpesvirus 1)
5
1980
S
and 1990
S
: Progress Paying off in the Face of Serious
Challenges
Other Contributions
6
17
The Work of Harry Harlow
6
A Nobel Prize
17
Retroviral Disease and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
(SIV)
Breeding and Reproductive Physiology
6
17
Establishment of the National Institutes of Health's National
Primate Research Centers Program in the USA: Crossing the
Threshold
Emergence and Impact of the Animal Rights Movement
18
6
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals
18
Initial Activity
6
1985 Amendment of the Animal Welfare Act
19
Developing the Concept
6
Other Effects of AIDS Research
19
Launching the New Program
7
Chimpanzee Breeding and Research Program
19
National Primate Research Centers Program Today
8
Virus, Zoonotic Diseases, and AIDS Provide the
Stimulus for Specific Pathogen Free Breeding
1960
1980: Period of Growth in a World of Increasing
Constraints
20
e
8
Ebola Virus and Interruption of Imports
21
Emulation of the Center Concept
8
Captive Breeding Goes Global
22
General
8
Primate Research Beyond the Year 2000
22
Southwest Foundation for Research and Education
8
Significant Scientific Advances
22
Wake Forest University Primate Center
9
Mapping the Chimpanzee and Rhesus Monkey
Genome
Duke Primate Center
9
22
Laboratory for Experimental Medicine and Surgery in
Primates
Genomic Research
22
9
Infectious Disease
23
Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine
and Research
Growth in the Use of Nonhuman Primates
23
10
General
23
Caribbean Primate Research Center
10
The NPRC Program
24
Department of Defense, Department of Health and
Human Services' Public Health Service, and other US
Government Laboratories
CDC Import Data, CRO, and Pharmaceutical
Activity
24
11
International
24
Activities Abroad
11
Regulation and Review
25
