Biomedical Engineering Reference
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Fig. 1 Tumor vessel abnormalities and normalization. ( a ) Functional abnormalities are caused
by structural abnormalities ( left , a-e) that undergo the following changes with anti-angiogenic
treatment (shown at right ): vessel tortuosity decreases (a), insufficient basement membrane
coverage increases (b), excessive and poorly organized basement membrane adopts normal
morphology (c), perictye coverage increases (d), and large intercellular gaps tighten (e) (from
Jain et al PPO). ( b ) Structural changes in a tumor vessel network after treatment with anti-
VEGF antibody (DC101; MCaIV carcinoma in SCID mouse). Three different regions show similar
changes over the 4 days after treatment, including significant diameter reduction and pruning of
some segments. Glioma vessels show similar changes in diameter ( c ) as well as permeability ( d )
after anti-angiogenic therapy (from Kamoun et al. JCO, 2009). ( e ) It has been proposed that anti-
angiogenic agents can make a tumor network more efficient and improve the delivery of subsequent
cytotoxic chemotherapy [ 37 ]
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