Biomedical Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Impact of Sampling Paper/Cards
on Bioanalytical Quantitation via
Dried Blood Spots by Liquid
Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Jun Zhang , Ramona Rodila , Huaiqin Wu , and Tawakol A. El-Shourbagy
Abstract
Dried blood spots (DBS) on paper as a sampling technique in newborn
screening has been widely adopted by bioanalytical chemists for preclinical and
clinical sample collection. DBS is based on the assumption that single size punch
of DBS absorbs the same volume of blood regardless of physiological differences
derived from test subject genders, disease states, nutrition, or hydration affecting
blood viscosity, although it is well known that such differences have a fundamen-
tal impact on the quantitation accuracy of DBS as a sampling technique. There are
multiple types of sampling media in either plain filter paper or chemically treated
paper/cards available for DBS applications. Pretreated paper/cards contain chemi-
cals such as denaturants, surfactants, and/or chelating agents to deactivate patho-
gens, enzymes and prevent the growth of biological organisms. In this chapter, the
chemical constituents of various paper/cards are explored. The impact of paper/
card type on analytical interference, evenness of DBS spots, and radial distribu-
tion of analyte are evaluated. The paper/card impact on the matrix effect was
studied. It was found that the impregnated chemicals on the pretreated DBS paper/
cards could be more than 50 % of the total paper/card weight. These water-soluble
chemicals make the analyte distribution unpredictable across the dried blood spots
and can interfere with LC-MS. Six compounds across a large Log D range were
used to evaluate different types of paper/cards for understanding the impact of the
sampling paper/cards on DBS quantitation accuracy. The results indicate that the
impact is significant and an evaluation of sampling paper/card impact is necessary
for most compounds.
J. Zhang , Ph.D. (
*
) • R. Rodila • H. Wu • T. A. El-Shourbagy
Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development , Abbott Laboratories , Dept R46W,
Building AP13A-2, 100 Abbott Park Road , Abbott Park , IL 60064-6126 , USA
e-mail: jun.zhang@abbott.com
